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Proteinaceous Compounds - Amino Acids

1. The structures of the various amino acids (page 266)
   1. the alkyl amino acids
   2. the acidic amino acids
   3. the basic amino acids
   4. the benzenoid amino acids
   5. the heterocyclic amino acids

   

2. The Effect of pH on the net charge of the amino acid - optimization of its electrophoresis. What does pK_a mean?

3. Some chemical reactions of amino acids and peptides.
   1. Ninhydrin reaction (forms Ruhemann's Purple)
      for free amine determinations

      

      

   2. Peptide bond formation (draw picture, over)

   3. Biuret reaction - assays peptide bonds

   4. FDNB (fluoro-2,4-dinitro-benzene) (Sanger, 1958 [page 2])
      couples to the n-terminal amino acid in a peptide chain.
   
   

4. Proteins
   1. Classification of Structure

      

      1. Primary Structure

      2. Secondary Structure
         1. the "alpha helix" (Pauling, 1954; page 2)
            What is the effect of the presence of proline in the secondary structure?

         2. the "beta configuration" (β-pleated sheet)
            Somewhat planar (Pauling again)
            (For a cut-out page, for you to design your own β-pleated sheet)

      3. Tertiary Structure

      4. Quaternary Structure, if present