Page 25

Glycolysis A

  1. The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas Glycolytic Pathway (page 250)

    1. Getting acquainted with a few of the enzymes.
      Up to now, you have probably only watched how glucose entered and then changed step by step. Here you will do that, AND get to know the enzymes.

      1. The PTS system - Bacteria's way of getting the sugar into the cell.

      2. Glucokinase (one of several hexokinases) (96,600 dal)

        glucoseGlucose-6-phosphate (G6P)

        Did the free energy of the half-reaction on the substrate level go up or down?

      3. Phosphoglucoisomerase

        G6P Fructose-6-phosphate (F6P)
        Did the free energy of the half-reaction on the substrate level go up or down?
        Entropy talk #1

      4. Phosphofructokinase (360,000 dal)

        F6PFructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP)

        Did the free energy of the half-reaction on the substrate level go up or down?

      5. Aldolase (150,000 dal)

        FDPGlyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate
        (GAP)        		+Dihydroxyacetone-phosphate
        (DHAP)

        Did the free energy of the half-reaction on the substrate level go up or down?
        Entropy talk #2

      6. Triose-phosphate Isomerase

        DHAP GAP
        What happens to free energy changes here?

      7. Glyceraldehyde-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (140,000 dal)

        GAP3-Phospho-Glyceric Acid (PGA)

        Did the free energy of the half-reaction on the substrate level go up or down?

        (in purple) A brief talk about the "Three Unforgivables" - Glucose, ATP, NAD+/NADH
        You shall be asked to draw these structures PERFECTLY on the final exam. They will be worth a lot of points!

        (in red) Keeping a list of C-C bond formations and breakings.

        (in green) Keeping a list of vitamins and how they are used in metabolism.

        Let's go back now to see if we've come across any of these three colors. Those which we find, we shall put on pages 800, 805 and 810, each delegated to one of the colors. Final exam material!